Oceanography

Europe alone has so much unpublished, un-catalogued biological data that it is challenging to take surveys and estimates about extinction risk and the Marine Strategy Framework Directive and the…

Though numerical models and popular films like An Inconvenient Truth projected Arctic ice collapse due to global warming and then climate change, the reverse was true in the real world. Ice…

Once the weather got political, more attention became focused on the cyclical climate phenomenon El Niño. Critics charged that too many early models were shaped by understating its effects while…

There has long been debate about the role of Earth’s orbit in driving global climate cycles. As most people know, 90,000 of every 100,000 years have been ice ages in patterns. Scientists have long…

Water has varied in temperature for as long as water has existed and it seems evolution has provided coral reefs a recovery mechanism after variation results in 'bleaching' - when corals expel algae…

San Francisco is worried that highway 37 may be in danger of flooding. They invoke environmental justice, of course, but it's really about rich people going to their second homes in Napa's wine…

The Red Sea is about 1000 miles long and at most just over 170 miles wide. The Greeks called it a sea but they also called the Persian Gulf a sea. It may instead be an ocean, because an ocean basin…

Satellite data with on-the-ground observations over two summers in Antarctica to detect and measure the green snow algae have led a group of scientists to suggest that if the world warms, larger…

A new paper has implicated a physiologic mechanism in vegetation as a cause for Arctic warming. The "greenhouse effect" is well-known by now, water vapor that plants emit during photosynthesis serves…

Though we convert fat, protein, and carbohydrates to make our common ATP energy currency, microbes have a far more diverse diet. It turns out a new one can even digest organic compounds like ethane,…